Merlin has many editing techniques that subvert and conform to stereotypes of class and status. Firstly Merlin gets more screen time than the Lord, which subverts the stereotype that the upper class have more power. The fact the Merlin has more screen time shows that he is the main focus of the scene and he has the most power in the scene.  However the order of narrative is in chronological order which shows how Merlin's life is mundane and monotonous. It conforms to the stereotype that the lower class lead boring, mundane lives. There are face paced transitions between Merlin and the Lord when they are talking and they have equal screen time. Showing how the upper class mixes with the lower class, and the equal screen time shows equality between the classes which subverts the stereotype. The use of special effects when Merlin uses his magic gives him power, something lower class people don't usually experience. However nobody notices his power so people still think he is a nobody, conforming to the stereotype.

Moreover there are many camera techniques used to display class and status. When Merlin and the Lord are talking they are both framed to the side and in a mid-shot. This shows equality between the classes as they are both framed in the same way. This subverts to the stereotype that the upper class has more power. Also Merlin is in the foreground when he beings conversing with the Lord, this means the audience are closest to him and it creates and empathetic connection with the lower class, conforming to the stereotype of people feeling sorry for the lower class. There is a birds eye shot, where the Lord is looking over Merlin, this displays how the Lord has more power over Merlin. Showing how the higher status lord has power of Merlin, conforming to the stereotype. In the fight scene there is chaotic camera movement which reflects how hard and chaotic life can be for lower class people like Merlin. This conforms to the stereotype that lower-class people lead chaotic lives.

Also sound is used to display class and status in Merlin. Comical music is used when the Lord is fighting Merlin, this shows how he takes Merlin as a joke, and how the upper class don't take the lower class seriously, conforming to the stereotypes. Additionally Merlin says "How long have you been training to be a prat?" this shows hostility between the classes and how they don't get along. Conforming to the stereotype.

Hotel Babylon

Mise en scene
What?	Where?	Why?
Uniforms	Throughout the clip	The basic similar uniforms make all the migrant workers look the same, it shows how none of them are superior. Also compared to the suits that the white, western characters are wearing it shows how the migrant workers have little power.
The boss	Throughout the clip	The boss is oriental which subverts the stereotype that all oriental people are factory workers and have no power. She also seems to know all of the languages of the migrant workers, this shows how she is clever but also caring enough to learn their languages. However it gives the migrants a negative image, as they are alienated as they cannot speak English and it makes us feel that they are too lazy to learn English.
The locker	The locker scene	When the boss goes to Ibrahim’s locker she takes out his possessions, it shows us how poor the migrants are and how they brought very little with them, showing how desperate they were to leave. It also shows us a picture of his family, this shows us he left behind his family, creating empathy for Ibrahim and creates an emotional connection.
Ibrahim	Lobby scene	Ibrahim is wearing red which suggests danger, moreover he is being arrested and dragged away making us feel that his is a criminal, this conforms to the stereotype that most migrants are criminals. It also creates empathy for the migrant workers as Ibrahim is being arrested for doing nothing wrong.

Sound
What?	Where?	Why?
“They’ve got one”	In the cupboard	The fact that the migrants aren’t known by name in the hotel and are referred to as ‘one’ makes them seem just like an item, showing how they have very little importance and that they are simply an item to do work
Dialogue about diabetes	In the cupboard	The fact that the man is very knowledgeable subverts the ‘uneducated African’ stereotype.
“I wasn’t always a cleaner you know”	In the cupboard	It outlines how desperate the migrants were to escape their countries, the fact that Adam gave up being a doctor to be a cleaner shows how desperate he must've been to escape. He would've had a high paying job but he gave it up to escape.
“Rules of the game”	In the lobby	Shows how the officers consider capturing migrant workers as a game and consider it fun. It shows how the migrants aren’t considered as people more as instruments in a game for the immigration officers to play
Loud Hispanics	Around the table	The fact that they are laughing a joking around and being loud shows how they aren’t affected by one of the migrant workers being taken away, or that they have gotten used to it. Also the loud quick talking Hispanics fit the stereotype that they are given.

Editing
What?	Where?	Why?
Screen time of boss	Throughout the clip	The boss of the hotel seems to have the most screen time so this shows a representation of power. Moreover it goes against the stereotype that white characters always have the most power as the boss is oriental.
Close up shot reverse shot	In the cupboard	Shot reverse shot between the boss and the migrant workers “Adam” shows how the boss sees them as equal, and shows how they are equally important. However this is after Adam saved someone’s life, suggesting they are not regarded as important until they do something outstanding, such as saving a life.
Fast cuts between migrants	In the cupboard	The close up shots of the migrants faces are very fast cutting, this gives each of the workers very little screen time, suggesting a lack of importance and no power. However it also shows that regardless of how little power they have they are all equal. Moreover the quick cuts create a feel of fear and desperation, outlining how desperate they are to keep their jobs and how bad their previous lives must’ve been.
Mid shot, shot reverse shot	In the lobby	This shot shows a contrast in characters, as it shows the immigration officers in black suits and the hotel receptionist in a white suit. The colours show that the officers are the bad characters and the black suits give of a bad aura. Whereas the white suit suggests a kinder and friendlier characters, which is outlined by the fact that the receptionist wants to help the migrants.
“STAFF ONLY”	On the cupboard door	There is a lot of emphasis on the sign saying “STAFF ONLY” and it seems to remain on the screen for around 3 seconds. This suggests that the migrants are simply just staff, they aren't regarded as people and they aren't treated like people. They are simply used by the hotel to get work done, this fits a common stereotype that migrants just work all the time to make money to survive.

Camera
What?	Where?	Why?
Close up of white immigrations officer	In the hotel lobby	He is always central in the shot and it is close up on his face, conforming to the stereotype that the white English man has all the power. His stern face also shows how he is the bad character.
Tracking shot showing them eating	In the Canteen	The tracking shot explores all of the typical stereotypes of the ethnicities, the Hispanics are all shouting and are really loud, and the Africans are praying as they are stereotypically religious. Also shows a contrast to the cupboard scene when they were all bunched together, shows how the fear of being taken brings them together despite how different they all are.
Close up shot of all the immigrants hiding in the cupboard	Cupboard scene	Shows fear and vulnerability but also crammed conditions, reflecting the conditions they would've had when they were travelling into the country to avoid being caught and turned away.  The length of the shot creates empathy creates an emotional connection.
Low angle mid shot in the kitchen	In the kitchen	The shaking of the camera and the low angle creates a sense of fear, moreover the low angle shots of the migrants creates a feeling that the migrants are inferior to the officers.

Task 6

Top 10 Independent Cinemas:

- Corn Exchange, Newbury
- Barn Cinema, Totnes
- Genesis, London
- The Phoenix Cinema, Finchley
- Greenwich Picturehouse
- Curzon, Mayfair
- The Rio, Burnham-On-Crouch
- Cramphorn Theatre, Chelmsford
- Thameside Theatre, Grays
- The Rio, London

Listings at HOME, Manchester:

Most of the cinemas I have looked at seem to be playing the same films, clearly as they are the most popular, these include: A Bigger Splash, The Big Short, Carol and Hail, Caesar. Independent Cinemas typically show indie films, that focus on topical and real life dramas rather than flashy action packed blockbuster films. This is because the audiences as Indie Cinemas are generally more interested in real life drama and films with deep story lines. There is a huge difference in prices between Independent and Multiplex cinemas and because the licenses for blockbuster films are much more expensive Multiplex cinemas must charge more than Independent cinemas. For example:

Odeon Chelmsford: Adult Ticket- £8.75

The Rio, Burnham-On-Crouch: General Admission- £3.00

Task 5

Film 4

Founded 1982 as Film 4 productions under Channel 4 but became its own company in 1998 when it became known as just Film4. It is UK film distribution company that distributes Indie and Blockbuster movies. Some of the films they have produced:
- 12 Years a Slave
- Attack the Block
- The Inbetweeners Movie (1 & 2)

Box office comparisons
Film4.
The Inbetweeners movie:

Budget:
£3,500,000

Opening Weekend:
$35,955 (USA) (9 September 2012) (10 Screens)

£13,200,000 (UK) (23 August 2011) (475 Screens)

Gross: 

$36,000 (USA)
£41,800,000 (UK) (20 September 2011)
$88,025,781 (worldwide)

FOX.

Black Swan:

Budget: 

$13 million

Opening Weekend Takings: 

$1.4 million

Gross: 

$106.9 million

Target Audience

The Inbetweeners - The Inbetweeners would have a target audience of teens and young adults who can make connections with the 4 main protagonists. The movie explores typical 'Ladish' behavior and therefore the target audience would typically be male.

Black Swan - Black Swan: Research shows that more females go to the cinema than males so this film would be popular when in cinemas.

Summit

Founded in 1991 but became a subsidiary to Lionsgate Films in 2012. It mainly distributes and produces UK films, but has distributed and prouced foreign films from France and Spain. Some of the films they have produced include:

- Divergence

- Twilight Saga

- Kevin Hart: Let Me Explain

Box Office Comparisons

Summit.

Twilight:

Budget:

$37,000,000

Opening Weekend Takings:

$69,637,740 (USA) (23 November 2008) (3,419 Screens)
£2,508,422 (UK) (21 December 2008) (446 Screens)
NZD 556,923 (New Zealand) (28 December 2008) (50 Screens)
PHP 84,632,242 (Philippines) (30 November 2008) (66 Screens)

Film4.

12 Years a Slave

Budget: 

$22 million

Opening Weekend Takings:

$923,715

Gross:

$187.7 million

Target Audience

Twilight - Typically Twilight was aimed a teen girls, who are interested in romantic action films. With the main protagonist being a female.
12 Years a Slave - Had a large target audience with big name stars within the film but also appealed to older audiences with its more serious tone and storytelling, setting it apart from other Blockbusters.

Icon

Founded in 1989 by Mel Gibson, it primarily makes and distributes its own films and can be considered a very slight Min-Max production company after successes of films such as: Braveheart, The Passion of Christ and We were Soldiers.

Box Office Comparisons
Icon
We were Soldiers -

Budget:

$75 million

Opening Weekend Takings:

NA

Gross: 

$114.6 million

Insomnia

Budget:

$46 million

Opening Weekend Takings:

NA

Gross:

$113.7 million

Target Audience

We were Soldiers: Limited market to Americans as large disinterest, dissatisfaction from other nations about Vietnam war however came out at a time of high nationalism during Iraq war.

Insomnia: Follows common blockbuster tropes of good vs evil and so was popular in cinemas and across the world but again limited to primarily 'Western World' release with common American themes being present.

Warp Films

Founded in 1999 and based in Sheffield and London, this production company produces many British independent films such as: '71, Kill List and Four Lions.

Box Office Comparisons

Four lions

Budget:

£2.5 million

Opening Weekend Takings:

£609,000

Gross:

£6.9 million

The Passion of Christ

Budget:

$30 million

Opening Weekend Takings:

$83.8 million

Gross:

$611.9 million

Target Audiences

Four Lions: Like 'We were Soldiers', limited target audience as very 'English' comedy and themes are used and also a focus on younger adults because of the comedy used and younger characters.

The Passion of Christ: Wide target audience and too this day the highest grossing Non-English film to succeed in foreign countries.